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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| បន្តិច | bɑntəc | 1. a little, a little bit, in small amounts, few 2. rather, slightly, just barely 3. in a little while Notes: ជើង ត |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ទៅដល់ | tɨv dɑl | 1. to arrive, to reach, to go to 2. until, up to 3. to, toward |
| កន្លែងធ្វើការ | kɑnlaeŋ tvəə kaa | office, workplace |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| មកដល់ | mɔɔk dɑl | to arrive at, come to |
| មុខ | muk | 1. face, front 2. in front of 3. type, kind, variety 4. dish, kind of food 5. head, chief, chairman, president 6. mouth or opening of a stream 7. (sharp) edge (of a knife blade) |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ប្រើប្រាស់ | praə prah | to use |
| ទ្វារ | tvie | 1. door, entrance, opening, gate 2. mountain pass 3. bay, gulf |
| កញ្ចក់ | kɑɲcɑk | 1. mirror, glass, pane of glass 2. screen 3. reflection, example |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| បើក | baək | 1. to open {បើកប្រអប់ = to open a box} {បើកហាង = to open a shop} 2. to turn on (e.g., a light, faucet, radio) {បើកទឹកម៉ាស៊ីន = to turn on the water/faucet} 3. of the sun: to shine 4. to drive (an automobile), generally to operate a vehicle which is powered by an engine |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| មិនមែន | mɨn mɛɛn | no, not, is not |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| មិនទាន់ | mɨn toan | not yet |
| ម៉ោង | maoŋ | 1. hour 2. o'clock 3. clock, time {សប្បាយពេកភ្លេចមើលម៉ោង = it was so much fun that I forgot to watch the clock} {គាត់សល់ម៉ោងច្រើនដែរ = she still has a lot of time} |
| ធ្វើការ | tvəə kaa | to work |
| ជាទូទៅ | cie tuu təv | in general, as a whole, generally |
| ក្រុមហ៊ុន | kromhun | company, corporation |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| បិទ | bət | 1. to shut, close (e.g., a door, a meeting), to turn off (e.g., an electrical switch), to cease (working), to block (e.g., a road) 2. to cover, seal, to attach (to), fasten (on), to place close to, to apply over, smear on, to glue, paste |
| ជានិច្ច | cie nɨc | always |
| ចាក់សោ | cak sao | 1. to lock 2. to unlock |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ចេញចូល | cəɲ coul | 1. to go in and out 2. to shuttle |
| ជាប្រចាំ | cie prɑcam | 1. regularly 2. permanently |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| គ្រាន់តែ | kroan tae | just, only, only just |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| កុំឲ្យ | kom ʔaoy | 1. in order that not ..., so as not to ... 2. don't let ... |
| ដី | dəy | 1. earth, land, ground, soil 2. territory |
| ហុយ | hoy | 1. to whirl/swirl/rise up (in a cloud, like dust or smoke) {ហុយក៏ហុយ ក្ដៅក៏ក្ដៅ = it’s dusty and hot} 2. to spread (e.g., of smoke or a smell) 3. to fume |
| ខ្យល់ | kcɑl, kyɑl, ksɑl | wind, air, breath (wind/air is believed to be the cause of many types of illnesses, such as fainting, dizziness, stomach ache, etc.) |
| ខ្លាំង | klaŋ | 1. to be strong, vigorous 2. loud 3. firm, sturdy 4. serious 5. strongly, vigorously, exceedingly |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| មើលឃើញ | məəl kʰəəɲ | to see, to look at and see, to distinguish |
| ខាងក្នុង | kʰaaŋ knoŋ | 1. inside, within 2. interior, inner, internal Notes: also stand for 'inside the house' |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ការិយាល័យ | kaareʔyaalay | office, bureau, department, section |
| ជាមួយនឹង | cie muəy nɨŋ | 1. together, along with 2. with |
| បាយ | baay | 1. cooked rice 2. food, meal |
| យួរ | yuə | to carry (by a handle) |
| អម្បាញ់មិញ | ʔɑmbaɲ mɨɲ | just now, just a moment ago |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ញ៉ាំ | ɲam | to eat, to drink, to consume {ញ៉ាំបាយ = general term for 'to eat' (neutral form for younger persons and persons of the same age)} Notes: informal, of oneself, addressing children or close friends but not elders |
| ពេលព្រឹក | peel prɨk | morning, in the morning |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ទាន់ | toan | 1. to reach, attain 2. to catch up with, overtake 3. to be timely, appropriate 4. to be on/in time 5. on time 6. while |
| បន្ទាប់មក | bɑntoap mɔɔk | next, then, afterwards, later |
| ស្រស់ស្រូប | srɑh sroop | 1. to eat (especially breakfast) 2. to have a snack, eat a light meal |
| អាហារ | ʔaahaa | food, meal |
| មុននឹង | mun nɨŋ | before (doing something) |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| កម្លាំង | kɑmlaŋ | force, power, strength, energy, vigor, authority, influence Notes: root: ខ្លាំង; also written កំឡាំង |
| គ្រប់គ្រាន់ | krup kroan | sufficient, enough, adequate |
| ព្រឹក | prɨk | morning |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| ហេវ | heev | 1. to grow hungry 2. to be hungry 3. to be very weak from hunger, debilitated 4. exhausted 5. deep narrow crevice, small deep hole 6. to fly, soar {ហេវហោះ = to fly, soar} |
| ឃ្លាន | klien | 1. to be hungry 2. to be hungry for |
| ឆ្អែត | cʔaet | 1. to be full, satisfied, satiated (especially with food or drink) 2. fed up with, sick and tired of |
| ដូច | douc | alike, similar, like, as |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ទោះបីជា | tʊəh bəy cie | although, even though |
| ច្រើន | craən | 1. much, many, numerous, very much 2. mostly, often |
| សម្រាប់ | sɑmrap | 1. for 2. used for, used to (make or do something) |
| កន្លែង | kɑnlaeŋ | 1. place, location, region 2. clf. for locations |
| លក់ | lʊək | 1. to sell 2. asleep {ដេកលក់ = to be sound asleep, to sleep deeply} {ដេកមិនលក់ = to not be able to fall asleep, to have insomnia} |
| ក៏ដោយ | kɑɑ daoy | 1. (who)soever, (what)soever 2. whether or not, it makes no difference, even if 3. even though, although |
| ខ្ចប់ | kcɑp | to pack, wrap, make into a package |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| ឥឡូវនេះ | [ʔləv/ʔiʔləv/ʔəyləv] nih | now, right now, at present |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| សំដៅ | sɑmdav | 1. to note, indicate, point out, emphasize 2. to aim (at), head (straight) for 3. to go somewhere for an express purpose 4. to allude 5. (directly) to, at, toward, in the direction of 6. about, concerning |
| ធ្វើ | tvəə | 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare 2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice} |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| សព្វ | sɑp | 1. each, every, all, everything, everyone 2. to be full, whole, entire 3. thoroughly, wholly 4. to be correct 5. to be loyal |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| ដង | dɑɑŋ | time, occurrence, occasion |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| រាល់ថ្ងៃ | roal tŋay | every day |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |