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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ច្របាច់ | crɑbac | 1. to press, to squeeze with the fingers 2. to massage (muscles) 3. to knead |
| ថ្នាំដុសធ្មេញ | tnam doh tmɨɲ | toothpaste |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| ច្រាសដុសធ្មេញ | craah doh tmɨɲ | toothbrush |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ដុសធ្មេញ | doh tmɨɲ | to brush the teeth |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ដុស | doh | 1. to scrub, to polish 2. to brush (one's teeth) 3. to rub (off), to wipe (off) 4. to chafe |
| សម្អាត | sɑmʔaat | 1. to clean {ដើម្បីសម្អាតវាឲ្យបានស្អាត = in order to clean it} {បោកសម្អាតខោអាវ = to wash the clothes clean} 2. to clean up, to sweep 3. to groom Notes: root: ស្អាត; also written សំអាត |
| ធ្មេញ | tmɨɲ | tooth |
| យ៉ាង | yaaŋ | 1. kind, type, way, manner 2. clf. for kinds, types 3. pre-adjectival particle forming adverbial phrases {យ៉ាងខ្លី = briefly} 4. pre-adjectival particle, similar to ដ៏, used to connect an attributive to a noun, it often has a slight emphatic meaning: very |
| យកចិត្តទុកដាក់ | yɔɔk cət tuk dak | to work hard at something, to be deeply involved in some work, to pay close attention to, to do something seriously Notes: ជើង ត |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ធ្វើ | tvəə | 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare 2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice} |
| តាម | taam | 1. to follow, to agree, to go along {ដើរតាមភ្ញៀវគ្រប់ជំហាន = to follow the customer’s every step} 2. according to, in accordance with, following, along, by, through {តាមអាយុ = according to age} {តាមសម្រួល = take it easy/take your time} 3. on, in, along {ជិះម៉ូតូតាមផ្លូវ = to ride a motorbike on the street} {ជិះតាមផ្លូវតូចៗ = to drive on small roads} {នៅតាមខេត្ត = in/throughout the province} {លក់នៅតាមផ្សារ = to sell in the market} |
| ក្បួន | kbuən | 1. theory, doctrine 2. method, procedure 3. principle, model 4. sketch 5. formula 6. textbook, instruction manual 7. line, parade, procession, train 8. trick |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ធ្លាប់ | tloap | 1. to become accustomed to, to be familiar with, to have experience with, to be used to 2. to have the habit/custom of 3. marker of continuous action in the past |
| រៀន | riən | to study, to learn, to practice |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| ចុះ | coh | 1. to move downwards, descend, go down, get down, dismount 2. get off/out of 3. to go downstream 4. (of rain) to fall 5. (of fog/mist) to appear 6. to flow, run 7. to decrease, diminish 8. to lower a price, to give a discount 9. to submit, give up, comply 10. down (adverbial denoting movement downwards physically, in status or class, or in price) 11. downstream 12. to register, sign 13. to make an entry, record 14. to formalize 15. to conduct, carry out (e.g., an investigation) 16. to relax 17. to release 18. to be dated (with a calendrical date) 19. to work something out 20. to have diarrhea |
| ក្រោម | kraom | 1. below, beneath, under 2. to be located below, under 3. to be located to the south/downstream |
| ពីក្រោម | pii kraom | from below, underneath |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| ឆ្វេង | cveeŋ | left, to the left, on the left |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ស្ដាំ | sdam | right, to the right, on the right Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ម្ដង | mdɑɑŋ | 1. one time, once 2. for a change Notes: ជើង ដ; contraction of មួយដង |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| ចុះឡើង | coh laəŋ | 1. to go up and down, go back and forth 2. up and down |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ពពុះ | pɔpuh | foam, bubbles |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| មាត់ | moat | 1. mouth 2. bank, shore (of a river, lake, sea) 3. opening (e.g., of a jar or bag) |
| ច្រើន | craən | 1. much, many, numerous, very much 2. mostly, often |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| មិនមែន | mɨn mɛɛn | no, not, is not |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| គ្រោះថ្នាក់ | krʊək tnak | 1. accident 2. danger, risk 3. to be dangerous |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| នៃ | ney | 1. of, belonging to (more literary and formal than របស់) 2. links verb and its object |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ប្រើប្រាស់ | praə prah | to use |
| ផ្សំ | psɑm | 1. to assemble, connect, join/unite (into a single whole) 2. to fasten, secure 3. to adjust, adapt 4. to mix 5. cloth beam/roller (square roller used to roll up woven cloth on a loom) |
| សារធាតុ | saaraʔ tʰiet | substance, agent |
| ជាច្រើន | cie craən | many, a lot, in abundance |
| ក្លិន | klən | odor, smell, scent |
| ប្រហើរ | prɑhaə | 1. to be highly aromatic, have a strong spicy smell, spicy/minty smelling, musky 2. short for សម្លប្រហើរ = kind of soup (made with lemon grass, smoked fish, and vegetables such as squash) |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ការពារ | kaapie | to protect, defend |
| ដង្កូវ | dɑŋkəv | 1. grub, larva, caterpillar 2. maggot, worm |
| ស៊ី | sii | 1. to eat (with humans it is intimate in urban centers but may be used more generally in rural areas) 2. to consume (food, fuel) 3. ស៊ីប្រេន = to sell at a high price just because it’s a brand name |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| នូវ | nɨv | 1. marker of the direct object, especially in written, literary language 2. with, and, and also, along with, by means of |
| កាកសំណល់ | kaak sɑmnɑl | residue, dregs, leftovers |
| ផ្សេង | pseeŋ | to differ, to be different (from each other), to be separate |
| ជាប់ | coap | 1. to link together 2. to stick to, adhere to 3. to hold on 4. to find oneself in (a situation) {ជាប់ផុងក្នុងភក់ = [of a car] to get bogged down in the mud} 5. to be fastened, joined, attached 6. to be (firmly) connected or linked (to) 7. to be adjacent (to) {៣ ឆ្នាំជាប់គ្នា = three years in a row} 8. to be caught 9. to be associated with 10. to be occupied (with), very busy (with), deeply involved (in) {ខ្ញុំជាប់មានការរវល់បន្តិច = I'm a bit busy} 11. to be a heavy ... (e.g., drinker, smoker) 12. to be addicted to something 13. adjacent to, next to 14. to undergo 15. to pass (an examination) {ខ្ញុំសម្ភាសន៍ការងារជាប់ហើយ! = I’ve passed the job interview!} 16. to be durable 17. firm 18. tenacious 19. tenaciously 20. incessantly, constantly, always |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| បំបាត់ | bɑmbat | 1. to eliminate, abolish 2. to remove, cause to disappear 3. to allay (hunger) 4. to stop, cease 5. to cheat, swindle, trick 6. to appropriate, seize, annex |
| ក្រោយ | kraoy | 1. to be next, behind, after 2. back 3. later, next 4. in the future |
| ក្រោក | kraok | to get up/arise (from sitting or lying position), stand up |
| គេង | keeŋ | to lie down, to sleep |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| ត្រឹមតែ | trəm tae | just, only |
| អណ្ដាត | ʔɑndaat | 1. tongue 2. reed (of a musical instrument) Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| ត្រូវការ | trəv kaa | 1. to need, require, want 2. to be necessary, needed, required |
| ទាំង | teaŋ | 1. all, both {ទាំងពីរ = both} {ទាំង ... ទាំង ... = both ... and ...} 2. entirely, completely 3. adverb marker equivalent to ដោយ |
| កម្ចាត់ | kɑmcat | 1. to force out, get rid of, eject 2. to disperse, scatter 3. to squander 4. to eliminate, remove, eradicate 5. to send away, banish 6. to cure, expel a sickness 7. to exorcise (a ghost) 8. to repeal (a law) 9. to reject, shun Notes: root: ខ្ចាត់; also written កំចាត់ |