សួស្ដី នៅក្នុងរូបភាពនេះ គឺយើងនឹងនិយាយអំពីការលាងចាន អញ្ចឹងឬក៏ការលាងសម្អាតចាន ដែលជាធម្មតា ក្រោយពេលដែលយើងញ៉ាំអាហាររួច ឬក៏ក្រោយពេលដែលយើងញ៉ាំបាយរួច យើងតែងតែមានចានប្រឡាក់ ឬប្រឡាក់ម្ហូបអាហារនៅលើចានរបស់យើង ឬក៏ប្រឡាក់បាយនៅលើចានរបស់យើង។ អញ្ចឹងដើម្បីឲ្យមានអនាម័យ យើងត្រូវយកចាននោះទៅលាងសម្អាត មុនពេលដែលយើងយកវាទៅទុក ព្រោះថាប្រសិនបើយើងអត់លាងសម្អាតទេ ចាននោះនឹងកខ្វក់ ហើយនៅពេលដែលយើងប្រើប្រាស់ម្ដងទៀត វានឹងមានមេរោគ អញ្ចឹងវាអាចធ្វើឲ្យយើងឈឺ ឬក៏អាចធ្វើឲ្យមេរោគចូលទៅក្នុងខ្លួនរបស់យើងបាន ធ្វើឲ្យខូចសុខភាពរបស់យើង អញ្ចឹងដើម្បីរក្សាអនាម័យនៅក្នុងការហូបចុក យើងត្រូវតែលាងចានសម្អាត យើងត្រូវតែលាងសម្អាតចានរបស់យើងជាមុនសិន បន្ទាប់ពីយើងញ៉ាំអាហាររួច ឬក៏បន្ទាប់ពីយើងញ៉ាំបាយរួច ហើយពេលខ្លះគឺយើងលាងសម្អាតចាន មុនពេលដែលយើងយកមកប្រើប្រាស់ គឺដោយសារតែពេលខ្លះ យើង ចានរបស់យើងគឺទុកយូរ ទុកចោលយូរ អញ្ចឹងអាចមានធូលីកាន់ ឬក៏អាចហុយធូលីទៅលើចាន អញ្ចឹងធ្វើឲ្យចានប្រឡាក់ផងដែរ។ អញ្ចឹងមុនពេលដែលយើងយកចានមកប្រើប្រាស់បាន យើងត្រូវតែលាងសម្អាតវាជាមុនសិន ដើម្បីឲ្យអស់ដីឬក៏អស់ធូលី ហើយចំពោះចានដែលយើងប្រើប្រាស់រាល់ថ្ងៃ មុននឹងយើងយកមកប្រើប្រាស់ យើងត្រូវជូតសម្អាតវាជាមុនសិន
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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| សួស្ដី | suǝsdǝy | greeting equivalent to 'hi!' 'hello!' 'good day!' Notes: ជើង ដ |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| និយាយ | niʔyiey | to speak, say, talk, relate, tell, to narrate, to talk over, discuss |
| អំពី | ʔɑmpii | 1. about, concerning, relative to 2. from, out of {អំពីថ្ងៃនេះទៅ = from this day on} |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| លាងចាន | lieŋ caan | to do/wash the dishes |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| លាង | lieŋ | 1. to wash, to clean (with a liquid) 2. to purify, to clear |
| សម្អាត | sɑmʔaat | 1. to clean {ដើម្បីសម្អាតវាឲ្យបានស្អាត = in order to clean it} {បោកសម្អាតខោអាវ = to wash the clothes clean} 2. to clean up, to sweep 3. to groom Notes: root: ស្អាត; also written សំអាត |
| ចាន | caan | plate, bowl, dish |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ជាធម្មតា | cie tʰoam meaʔ taa | normally, usually |
| ក្រោយពេល | kraoy peel | after (the time when) |
| ញ៉ាំ | ɲam | to eat, to drink, to consume {ញ៉ាំបាយ = general term for 'to eat' (neutral form for younger persons and persons of the same age)} Notes: informal, of oneself, addressing children or close friends but not elders |
| អាហារ | ʔaahaa | food, meal |
| រួច | ruəc | 1. to finish, end, achieve, complete 2. indicates the possibility of completing the action of the main verb, to be able 3. already, then, after that |
| បាយ | baay | 1. cooked rice 2. food, meal |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ប្រឡាក់ | prɑlak | 1. dirty, soiled, stained 2. salty 3. to marinate, to salt (in order to preserve) |
| ឬ | rɨɨ | 1. or 2. phrase-final interrogative particle {មិនមែនឬ = Isn't it true?} |
| ម្ហូប | mhoup | food, meal |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| អនាម័យ | ʔaʔnaamay | 1. hygiene, sanitation 2. health |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| មុន | mun | 1. previous(ly), former(ly) {ខែមុន = last month} 2. first, before {ញ៉ាំមុនចុះ = Go ahead and eat first!} |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| ទុក | tuk | 1. to put, set, place, arrange 2. to set aside, keep, retain, save, preserve, maintain, conserve, hold (in reserve) {ទុកញ៉ាំ = to keep for eating later} |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| កខ្វក់ | kɑkvɑk | to be dirty, polluted, stained |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ប្រើប្រាស់ | praə prah | to use |
| ម្ដងទៀត | mdɑɑŋ tiət | once more, again Notes: ជើង ដ |
| មេរោគ | mee rook | micro-organism, germ, virus, microbe |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| ឈឺ | cʰɨɨ | to be sick, to hurt, to be in pain |
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ខ្លួន | kluən | 1. body, figure, person, self 2. reflexive pronoun: myself, yourself, himself etc. |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ខូច | kʰouc | 1. broken, damaged, ruined 2. bad, nasty |
| សុខភាព | sokkʰapʰiep | health |
| រក្សា | reaksaa | 1. to take care of, protect 2. to keep, maintain 3. to observe, pay attention to, watch |
| ហូបចុក | houp cok | to eat Notes: colloquial |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| ជាមុនសិន | cie mun sən | first |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| ពេលខ្លះ | peel klah | sometimes |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| យូរ | yuu | 1. slow 2. (of time) long 3. late |
| ទុកចោល | tuk caol | to discard, abandon |
| ធូលី | tʰuulii | dust |
| កាន់ | kan | 1. to hold, carry in the hand, grasp, hang on to 2. to control, be in charge of, be responsible for 3. to withstand, support, sustain, bear 4. to hold to, believe in, keep/observe (e.g., a religion) {កាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធ = to believe in Buddhism} 5. (of a spirit) to possess |
| ហុយ | hoy | 1. to whirl/swirl/rise up (in a cloud, like dust or smoke) {ហុយក៏ហុយ ក្ដៅក៏ក្ដៅ = it’s dusty and hot} 2. to spread (e.g., of smoke or a smell) 3. to fume |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| អស់ | ʔɑh | 1. to consume, use up, run low/short (of something) {អស់ហើយ = [a product, food etc.] finished/sold out} 2. to end, finish, terminate, come to an end 3. entirety, completeness, wholeness 4. to be complete, whole 5. entirely, completely 6. all (of), the whole (of) 7. to have to spend {អស់ម៉ាម៉ឺនទទេ = I had to pay 10’000 for no reason!} |
| ដី | dəy | 1. earth, land, ground, soil 2. territory |
| ចំពោះ | cɑmpʊəh | toward, to, about, as for |
| រាល់ថ្ងៃ | roal tŋay | every day |
| មុននឹង | mun nɨŋ | before (doing something) |
| ជូត | cuut | 1. to wipe (off), clean (off), dry (with a towel) 2. to dust 3. to rub, polish |